Short Pest or Pestle analysis Essay Example for Free

Short Pest or Pestle analysis Essay This short ‘PEST’ or ‘PESTLE’ analysis will be carried out on the supermarket sector and discount retailers in Northern Ireland with the majority of the analysis being carried out specifically on Lidl. A PESTLE analysis will be ideal for Lidl in terms of effective market research and will help them come to decide how much they should expand given the fact that they have plans to do so particularly in the UK over the next 12 months. The PESTLE analysis directly and comprehensively evaluates the industry’s external environment elements in order to identify the overall available opportunities and dangers of specific procedures. It cannot be undermined how crucial effective market research is for companies such as Lidl who are constantly looking to gain a competitive advantage in the supermarket sector. Specifically, a PESTLE analysis mainly highlights the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental variables of the company and, if carried out efficiently, can be instrumental in terms of helping Lidl to improve their overall profit margins through expansion and their profits in terms of their overall net income. EXPRESS REFERENCE From the opening of its first ever store in the early 1970’s in Germany, the Lidl brand has grown a great deal to become one of Europe\s leading food retailers, a growth beyond their wildest expectations. Lidl first opened its doors in the UK in 1994 and since then they have went from strength to strength as they now have a grand total of over 650 stores and ten distribution centres across Great Britain employing some 20,000 people. Lidl has just recently just beaten close competitor Waitrose to become the UK’s seventh largest supermarket chain, according to the latest grocery market share figures (BBC, 2017). Lidl are currently drawing on a net income of  £5.8 billion for 2017 rising some  £800 million thus growing their overall market share by 0.6 percentage points to 5%. Aswell as being active in the retail business, Lidl also carry out a number of services such as DVD rental (launched in 2009) and bakery services which have been an excellent addition since their introduction in 2012. Through expansion, in what can be considered an oligopolistic market, companies like Lidl are hoping to get ever closer to the ‘big 4’ who are currently Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Asda and Morrisons. Companies such as Lidl, Aldi and Waitrose have thrived after the economic crash of 2007-08 as consumer behaviour since then has led us to believe that the trend of low prices for good quality products is a popular one and has led to a shift to the right in demand for the products and services of such companies. The first aspect of this PESTLE analysis is the political aspect. With over 10,000 stores in Europe alone, Lidl have the tricky task of managing many unique political factors that affect their everyday business operations. One of these major political components that heavily influences the day to day running of the organisation comes in the form of natural assurance laws. These specific laws compel companies to comply with all the government requirements. Another imperative law that Lidl must abide by is the UK government vitality advance for innovative work of retail products. With the sheer political anarchy that the UK is currently going through at this moment in time Brexit negotiations and the legal trading aspects surrounding it are another external component that Lidl must carefully juggle. According to Mintel, following the Brexit vote, political and economic volatility and uncertainty are widespread across consumer markets with the BPC market which Lidl operate in no excepti on. While changes to laws and regulations will affect business operations and brand practices, consumers already report that they are feeling the impact of the UK’s divorce with the EU. This is likely to result in BPC companies facing challenges following the changes in legislations, while consumers are likely to feel the impact of Brexit on their disposable income. With potentially limited spending money the BPC market might note fluctuations in retail value across various segments. As a result of the instability, over 40% of Irish consumers are unsure how Brexit will affect their finances, with a quarter of NI consumers worrying about the future. Only a fifth of NI consumers believe that their personal situation may improve. In addition Lidl uses economic internal and external factors.

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The Importance of the Mayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact was written as a temporary form of government due to the unfair treatment that was endured by some of the Mayflower occupants. They also felt that the order should come from someone of much higher authority i.e. the king. The colonists were also unruly due to the lack of government; therefore some of the colonist thought they could do what they preferred. But by signing of the Mayflower Compact, did put the end to all the unrest while aboard the Mayflower. After John Smith landed at Plymouth, they felt they had landed at a place that was not controlled by London (the king). The mayflower carried a hundred and two passengers. They had travelled about 3,000 miles only to land north of their destination. They had hoped to begin a colony out of the mouth of the Hudson River the site of today’s New York City. This would have placed the colony within the geographic boundaries the king outlined in the Virginia Company of Plymouth’s charter. Some group of businessmen invested money to start the colony. In return they hoped to profit from the products of the New World. The company’s charter outlined how the settlement would be governed. But the Mayflower’s passengers had drifted outside the charter’s boundaries. Now they were off the ship of Cape Cod on November 9 1620, with no laws to govern them. The passengers list showed that the colonists needed to create a government. Out of the hundred and two passengers’ fourth-one were pilgrims seeking a place they could practice their religion. They had separated from the Church of England over religious differences. The pilgrims had lived for a time in Holland, now they hoped to make a new start. Basically these pilgrims need... ...Bradford's nephew" in New England's Memorial (1669). The three versions had a difference in the wording, spelling, capitalizing and punctuation. The compact created the idea of a social contact. A social contract is an actual or hypothetical compact between the ruled and their rules that defines the rights and duties of each. Although specific duties were not assigned to each colonist, a concept of higher order was established by the election of the first governor of the New Plymouth. It was not until the American Revolution that the Mayflower Compact received much attention. At this time the new nation began looking back to the roots of this self-government. Today the compact is often viewed as the first example of the American democracy as a social contract. But it is also understood that idea come from the practical need for unity to service in the wildness.

Illustrated Essay of Contemporary Architecture: MAXXI National Museum

Illustrated Essay ofContemporary Architecture:MAXXI National Museum 002.jpg"/> This study will concentrate on MAXXI National Museum and it will supply a comprehensive reappraisal of Contemporary museum architecture ( built in Rome in 2009 ) ( fig 1.1 ) , designed by the Zaha Hadid Architects. As it was said in â€Å"Museums in the 21stCentury† there is no uncertainty to state that the development of modern-day museum architecture can be divided into pre-and post-Bilbao epochs. Bilbao ‘s edifices are a assortment of architectural manners, runing from Gothic to modern-day architecture Such as Frank O.Gehry’s Guggenheim Museum Bilbao ( construct in Spain in 1997 ) which gives the beggary of modern-day Bilbao motion. Rome has no duty to turn itself into a voguish modern metropolis ; its glorification remainders on the accomplishments of antiquity, the Renaissance, and the Baroque. In mid1990s a new policy in Rome for ’the publicity of modern-day architecture’ has tried to alter the architectural understatement by its metropolis aut horitiess, policy with different facets, positions and cultural activities, with willingness for freshness. The foundation of the MaXXI Museum was followed by international design competition uniting all the new chances. Hadid’s proposal is an impressive urban sculpture with dynamic and indefinite exhibition infinite. To build this essay, assorted beginnings have been researched. Therefore, its consistence includes Architectural construct and urban scheme, Space V object, Institutional Catalyst and Contemporary Spatiality. The essay was conducted in the signifier of a study, with informations being gathered via books â€Å"GA DOCUMENT 99† by Yoshio Futagawa ( 2007 ) , â€Å"Museums in the 21stCentury† by Suzanne Greub and Thierry Greub ( 2006 ) , and the undermentioned articles â€Å"MAXXI Museum in Rome by Zaha Hadid Architects wins the RIBA Starling Prize 2010† by Levent Ozler, â€Å" Zaha Hadid ‘s MAXXI – National Museum of XXI Century Arts† by Zaha Hadid Architects, † Starling Prize 2010 Goes to Zaha Hadid’s MAXXI Museum in Rome† ( unknown writer ) . With multiple position points and disconnected geometry Zaha Hadid architecture thrust new attack, for illustration with making Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, she evokes the pandemonium of modern life. She could be recognized as an designer of the Baroque modernism. Baroque classicists like Borromini shattered Renaissance thoughts of a individual point of view position. Hadid shatters both the classically formal, regulation bound modernism of Mies van der Rohe ( â€Å"Form fallow function† ) and Le Corbusier and the old regulations of infinite — walls, ceilings, forepart and back, right angles. Reuniting the individual point of view in multiple position points with disconnected geometry, she established existent signifiers that morph and change form. Hadid lets the infinites to talk for them. Hadid’s compulsion with shadow and ambiguity is profoundly rooted in Islamic architectural tradition, while its fluid, unfastened nature is a political ly charged rejoinder to progressively fortified and democratic modern-day urban landscapes. ( Council & A ; Museum, 2007 ) In 1997 Zaha Hadid participates in international design competition, which one more clip confirms her passion to modern-day urban landscapes. The competition consist in two phases, the first 1 was unfastened international call for designers,MAXXI Museum Roof program, ( n.d. ) fig2of 15 of which were selectedfrom two hundred 73 ( 273 ) . Among those 15s were six Italians and nine foreign houses ; among them were Vittorio Gregotti, and Steven Hall. The chief issue race was for museum plan and the urban status for the Flaminio one-fourth of Rome, in the country of the former Montello military barracks. By demoing the relationship and tracts through the site with two chief orientations and the clear function of the urban infinites, she won the committee.Her studies presented a series of overlapping beds, merged and shaped to a uninterrupted infinite. Design was based on the thought to open to public and metropolis. While she was working on Rome design she managed to finish Rosenthal Cent er for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati. Small wholly dark and tight infinites were allocated in the art centre of Cincinnati with articulation of the multitudes in the facade. While in Rome the edifice is horizontal instead than perpendicular, each of the galleries have own spacial position with entree to natural visible radiation for a broad scope of exhibit infinites and installings. ( Greub, 2006 ) However the modernist â€Å"fashion† in MAXXI fuelled the white ‘neutrality’ of most 20Thursdaycentury museums. She has been prepared to be challenged for the critical relationship with modern-day societal and aesthetic classs. Showing art and architecture promotes several signifiers of designation at one time. ( Futagawa, 2007 ) Visitors arrive in a dramatic dual narrative atrium, with concreteHalbe R. ( 2010 ) fig3curved walls, unfastened ceiling which captured the natural visible radiation dominated, by suspended steel stairway that flows down from the upper degrees. There are five â€Å"gallery suites† with a unvarying ceiling tallness of 6m, apart from the uppermost gallery where the floor is set at a profligate. On the 2nd and 3rd floors, daylight enters via a uninterrupted glass roof, supported on deep steel trusses. These trusses besides include a mechanism to expose pictures or sculptures that aren’t floor-mounted – the concrete walls themselves are tipped off the perpendicular. There is a limited stuffs pallet: walls are in open concrete, or painted white, and the floor is brooding Grey epoxy. To build consistence and additive way they have created a review of it through its emancipation. In its assorted pretenses — solid wall, projection screen, canvas, window to the metr opolis — the exhibition wall is the primary space-making device. By running extensively across the site, cursively and sign, the lines traverse indoors and out. Urban infinite is coinciding with gallery infinite, interchanging marquee and tribunal in a uninterrupted oscillation under the same operation. And farther divergences from the Classical composing of the wall emerge as incidents where the walls become floor, or turn to go ceiling, or are voided to go a big window looking out. By invariably altering dimension and geometry, they adapt themselves to whatever curatorial function is needed. By puting within the gallery spaces a series of possible dividers that hang from the ceiling ribs, a versatile exhibition system is created. Organizational is dealt with at the same time amidst a beat found in the reverberation of the walls to the structural ribs in the ceiling that besides filter the visible radiation in changing strengths. Schumacher, P. ( 2010 ) fig 4 By the thin concrete beams in the ceiling, carbon monoxidevered with glass and filtration systems it is emphasized the natural lighting. The same beams have a bottom rail from which art pieces are traveling to be suspended. The beams, the stairwaies and the additive lighting system guide the visitants through the interior paseo, which ends in the big infinite on 3rd degree. From here, a big window offers a position back to the metropolis, though obstructed by a monolithic nucleus. The usage of natural visible radiation and interweaved infinites lead to spacial and functional, complex model, offering changing and unexpected positions from within the edifice and out-of-door infinites. ( Baan, 2010 ) Furthermore, the edifice conforms to all relevant Italian statute law on energy efficiency, and computations by ZHA in 2002 show that â€Å"the predicted warming energy use for the MAXXI has the possible to be well better than the bounds set by the jurisprudence for a typical edifice of this type† . The edifice is fitted with a high efficiency heat recovery air-handling system, and efficient distilling boilers. CO2 detectors minimize the measure of incoming fresh air that needs to be heated. In order to cut down the demand for considerable horizontal ductwork and cut down fan energy, air-conditioning system was positioned near to each gallery. The galleries have a thoughtful signed external fixed shadowing system â€Å"the steel ribs† oriented to the South, adjustable external active louvres, every bit good as internal roller blinds to cut down on beaming energy and make lighting conditions for 50 to 200 lx. The unreal lighting is on a sophisticated control system. ( Co nstruction of MAXXI Museum, ( n.d. ) ) To reason I am traveling to stress one time once more the chief features of MAXXI National Museum.After the design competition, ten old ages subsequently as theoretical undertaking the design go a living establishment, projecting an architectural pronunciamento and showing the capacity of a modern architectural manner. Interrupting the classically formal, regulation bound modernism of Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier into multiple position points, Zaha Hadid established daring architecture. The intent of all architecture is the framing and theatrical production of societal communicating and interaction. The intent of all art is to experiment with new signifiers of societal communicating that project an alternate position of the universe. Argument In the undermentioned remark will be justified the chief challenges that Zaha Hadid’s squad faced refering the building of Maxi edifice. With the structural technology were engaged Anthony Hunts Associates & A ; OK Design Group. The mechanical and electrical technology plants were done by Max Fordham & A ; OK Design Group. The undertaking planning was done by ABT. And RIBA D and E. ZHA was appointed as site supervisor, which meant that every facet of the contractors ( Italiana Costruzioni and Societa Appalti Costruzion ) design and building that impacted on the expression of the edifice had to be signed off by ZHA. But the contractor had more freedom on structural and M & A ; E determinations. ( Construction of MAXXI Museum, ( n.d. ) ) The design posed two immense challenges to the concrete design. The first was structural, as the galleries are fundamentally extended concrete troughs cast inside, with the glass roofs working as palpebras to allow visible radiation in. Merely the floors and walls provide structural stableness. The 2nd challenge was Hadid’s demand for a premium-quality fair-face coating to all concrete surfaces with sharp round holes left over from the shuttering bolts. The chief purpose was for the open articulations to be kept to an absolute lower limit. Reducing the figure of open articulations meant increasing the concrete pours to 70m in length and 9m in tallness, each pour necessitating 260m? of concrete. Formwork was assembled utilizing optical maser beams to guarantee exactly level surfaces. A liquid self-compacting concrete mix was specified, with a all right sum of powdery limestone and epoxy rosin additive, for optimal compression and a smooth, crack-free surface coating. Each pour took up to 18 hours, with concrete mixed on site in four big batching workss. And as the big pours had to bring around easy and equally, projecting was banned whenever external temperatures were anticipated to make above 25 ISC. In Rome’s Mediterranean clime, this meant concrete could merely be laid between November and April. The construction besides included big spreads had to be filled with strengthened steel bars with denseness higher than 300kg/m3. By cut downing the figure of articulations was necessary to increase the concrete poured over 70 metres high by 9, a complete works, which required 260m3 of concrete in situ. The formwork was made in Germany, modular panels of 9 metres long and 2.4 high which were assembled at the site and were linked utilizing optical masers to guarantee the level surfaces in the discharge clip. Dumping in these countries a liquid mixture consisted of self-compacting concrete, a all right sum of limestone pulverization and an linear in epoxy rosin, which was allowed to settle uniformly by the force of gravitation and which was cast around the support bars.While the concrete is poured, the formwork panels are controlled to look into the bulges nanometres. Finally, as the pouring of concrete has to dry easy and equally, without hazard of overheating, had to take into history the outside temperature did non transcend 25  ° , in the Mediterranean clime of Rome these conditions can ensue merely from November to April. Last but non at least in 2003, Rome was officially classified as seismal zone, which required that the construction of the museum was wholly revised and reformed in some instances. Several sets of hydraulic Pistons associated with the gesture of the articulations should be incorporated into the concrete walls and floors and discarded motion articulations 5mm 3mm other less seeable, among other steps. ( Architects, ( n.d ) )BibliographyArchdaily. ( 2014 ) . Structural technology.Archdaily. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com/43822/maxxi-museum-zaha-hadid-architects/ Architects, Z. H. ( 13/12/2010 ) . MAXXI museum survey theoretical accounts.Featured Architecture. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //buildipedia.com/aec-pros/featured-architecture/zaha-hadids-maxxi-national-museum-of-xxi-century-arts Baan, I. ( 04/10/2010 ) . Zaha Hadid’s MAXXI Museum in Rome /fig 3.Bustler. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bustler.net/index.php/article/stirling_prize_2010_goes_to_zaha_hadids_maxxi_museum_in_rome Construction of MAXXI Museum. ( ( n.d. ) ) .CM Construction Manager. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.construction-manager.co.uk/client_media/pdfcontent/MAXXI.pdf Council, B. , & A ; Museum, D. ( 2007 ) . Zaha Hadid Architecture and Design.DESIGN MUSEUM. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //designmuseum.org/design/zaha-hadid Futagawa, Y. ( Ed. ) . ( 2007 ) .GA DOCUMENT 99.Japan: Yokio Futagawa. Greub. ( 2006 ) .Museums in 21st Century Concepts Projects Buildings. Halbe, R. ( Mon, 13/12/2010 ) . Zaha Hadid ‘s MAXXI – National Museum of XXI Century Arts/ Fig 1.Buildipedia. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //buildipedia.com/aec-pros/featured-architecture/zaha-hadids-maxxi-national-museum-of-xxi-century-arts MAXXI Museum Roof program. ( ( n.d. ) ) . /fig 2 Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //karmatrendz.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/maxxi-museum-by-zaha-hadid-architects/ # jp-carousel-15944 Schumacher, P. ( 2010 ) . The Meaning of MAXXI – Concepts, Ambitions, Achievements.Patrikschumacher article./ fig 4 Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.patrikschumacher.com/Texts/The Meaning of MAXXI.html

Minimum Wage vs. Slavery - 1407 Words

SLAVERY VS. MINIMUM WAGE Le’Sean Marks English 102; Civil War Term Paper March 21, 2013 In a time like today, everyone who has ever received minimum wage could agree that it is not ideal, nor is it fair in most cases. However, to compare the brutality of minimum wage to that of slavery is preposterous! In slavery, especially the slavery that occurred in America, human beings lacked more than just proper compensation for their labor. Along with not being fairly rewarded: families were ripped apart by slave trades, dignity could never be gained, scare tactics and inferiority were at an all time high, women were raped, people were beaten almost to death, and the list goes on. There is no way to downplay minimum wage. People work†¦show more content†¦In slavery the best benefit one could get would be getting good leftovers and hand me downs from the master and his family. Healthcare for slaves consisted of examinations made by the slaves master or his hired help to determine if they were strong enough to handle the labor or clean enough to be a house slave. Dental care consisted of checking their teeth by having their mouths forcibly opened by the master’s hands. Monthly and holiday bonuses were nothing more than getting a few extra pieces of meat for dinner. As for employee discounts and services, well, slave labor was free; could they really ask for anything? The biggest thing of all that minimum wage can’t be compared to slavery is the abuse. There are three types of abuses that slaves suffered and those were physical, mental, and emotional. Employees who make minimum wage can suffer from emotional abuse, but as stated before they have the opportunity to get out of that abuse. Slaves would often be abused and the abuse didn’t stop at beating. The abuse that slaves experienced kept the submissive to their master and kept them at a level of worthlessness. Many southerners would say that slaves didn’t have any right but it is observed that slaves were important to them and this is why they did not want the slaves t o be literate because they were afraid that they would revolt. Slave masters would often abuse slaves so bad until they had noShow MoreRelatedWomen Of The United States And The World Is Violating A Person s Human Rights1364 Words   |  6 PagesLGBT, or from whatever country there are from. A higher minimum wage is one of the steps in the right direction to achieve civil and human rights. It’s Our Right Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) contains several clauses that are inserted to ensure people against slavery and unfair work. Article 4, for example, ensures the essential human right not to be subjected to slavery and subjugation. These arrangements hold critical implicationsRead MoreLabor As An Agent Of Production And The Differences Of Productive Labor And Unproductive Labor1235 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss labor as an agent of production and the differences of productive labor and unproductive labor. Labor condition will capture slavery to the wages in economy. The labor production has tailored for human use, to use to an operations or positions. When it came to making bread, labor for the baker was equal to the labor for the miller which make the produced for the baker? When it comes to employment for substance such as corn, flour and wheat involves more than one stateRead MorePolitical Parties During Americ The Great Rights That Every Am erican Citizen1417 Words   |  6 Pagesleaders of the early to mid 19th century democrats. The party has had some major conflicts on their history. Most notably, the split at the Democratic national convention in Charleston over whether or not the party should support slavery. But the party ended up supporting slavery in an effort to maintain their southern voters, something that the average American would probably not think of the democratic party to do ( The Editors, â€Å"Democratic Party | Political Party, United States†). In the almost two-hundredRead MoreMarch on Washington for Jobs and Freedom of 19631260 Words   |  6 Pagessegregation of schools took place in 1954 with the Brown vs. Board of Education court case. The case went to the Supreme Court in which Earl Warren gave the ruling that the school systems were unconstitutional and violating the 14th amendment. This formulated an end to the â€Å"separate but equal† law that was in the Supreme Court duri ng 1896 in Plessy vs. Ferguson (Brown v. Board). The NAACP, a major supporter in the March on Washington, encouraged the Brown vs. Board of Education. The police departments exhibitedRead MoreBig Business vs. Labor, 1870-19254685 Words   |  19 Pagesseemed the Puritan work ethic was still a dear part of every American citizen. Many laborers rose up to meet the standards by demanding higher wages and benefits as a result of themselves increasing their own productivity. A vicious cycle of industrialization began. As wages increased, technological advancements were pursued in order to meet the increasing wages with the same or even more net revenue. As revenue increased, laborers demanded more and more for their work. The cycle continued endlesslyRead MoreThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration During The Age Of Colorblindness By Michelle Alexander1854 Words   |  8 Pagesin America. Black kids churn from rundown schools into high tech prisons. In her view, black Americans are trea ted as second class citizens. Alexander states that a power elite has ensured that they claim social regulation over minorities even as slavery and Jim Crow laws have disappeared. The author calls the current discriminatory system as a racial caste one. A key to sustaining this system according to Alexander is enticing to the anxieties and biases of lower-class whites. The writer thenRead MoreCommunism And The Communist Manifesto3222 Words   |  13 Pagesthem to be freed from Egypt and enter into a good land that flows with milk and honey. It s time for you to go back: I m sending you to Pharaoh to bring my people, the People of Israel, out of Egypt. God wanted to save these people from a life of slavery, and wanted everyone to be treated fairly, to be kind to each other, and to not take advantage of anyone. He wanted peace, he wanted good people. God is the symbol of good, so it would be difficult to relate such evil actions to anyone but the devilRead MoreDocumentary Film Analysis Worksheet2403 Words   |  10 Pagesspecific. 2 paragraph minimum (except for #1) 1. What is the title of the film you picked? I chose the film, â€Å"Slavery and the Making of America.† 2. Why did you pick this film over the others offered? I chose this film documentary over the others because I have always wanted to learn more about slavery and how it shaped and effected America. Often we are just told what we read in books or stories that have been passed down about what really went on in this country. Slavery is a big subjectRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Its Effects On Human Rights1446 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals end up trafficked? Why does this still remain such a large problem in the 21st century? Is it something that is forever ingrained in our society? I chose to explore these couple of questions and more in hopes of answering the last one. Maybe slavery is part of our culture and something that will never be completely abolished. The culture of human trafficking is an interesting subject to explore. In particular, I wanted to look at Thailand’s culture. Thailand is located in Southeast Asia surroundedRead MoreChild Labor And Its Effects On Children1881 Words   |  8 Pagesis employment in which harms children, deprives of their childhood and youth, interferes in their ability to gain a proper education, harmful, morally dangerous and has mental and physical ramifications. Many American’s called child labor â€Å"child slavery†, not only did it deprive children of an education but it also robbed them of a proper education and condemned them to illiteracy in their future. The leading cause of child labor is linked to economics, poverty stricken families, and the necessity